Difference Of Initial Treatment Options For Anorexia Nervosa

Comparison of initial treatment options for anorexia nervosa Word Count: 1,619 Anna Davidson Abstract: Anorexia Nervosa is a DSM-5 psychological disorder characterized by energy restriction, weight loss and psychological comorbidities. The treatment of anorexia nervosa involves mainly medical and psychological interventions, and new treatments are being researched every day. Re-feeding is known to be the cornerstone, initial treatment. However, the specifics of treatment are not currently defined. Most therapeutic programs resort to a multidisciplinary treatment approach based off of clinical judgment and expertise. Treatment for anorexia nervosa is an ongoing challenge due to feeding complications and extremely high relapse rates. Future research is necessary to establish a gold standard initial treatment plan for anorexia nervosa and to continue finding new, more effective treatments. Anorexia Nervosa, a DSM-5 diagnosis, is characterized by energy restriction leading to a significantly low body weight, in addition to psychological comorbidities involving anxiety, depression, fear of weight gain, body image disturbances, and lack of recognition of the seriousness of the disease and low body weight. Even though this disease has a lifetime prevalence of 1-2.3%, with an average mortality rate of 5-10%, current research on an initial, gold standard anorexia nervosa treatment is scarce (2-4,7). Treatment choice is currently based onShow MoreRelated Development of Anorexia and Bulimia Essay2665 Words   |  11 PagesDevelopment of Anorexia and Bulimia Anorexia and Bulimia are two very complex conditions that have been around for quite a while, however both anorexia and bulimia amongst other eating disorders are becoming more and more prevalent in today’s society. There has been extensive press and media coverage on conditions related to eating disorders. 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The possibility that a greater emphasis on cognitive factors might enhance a behavioral account of OCD can be traced back to Carr (1974), McFall and Wollersheim (1979), Rachman and Hodgson (1980), and Salkovskis (1985). Behavior therapy in the form of exposure and response prevention (ERP), which emerged in the 1960s and 1970s, proved to be a highly effective treatment for many forms of OCD. Behavioral researchRead MoreAbnormal Psychology. Classification and Assessment of Abnormal Behavior20707 Words   |  83 Pagesand attitudes. We should also recognize that the DSM is used to classify disorders, not people. Rather than classify someone as a schizophrenic or a depressive, we refer to an individual with schizophrenia or a person with major depression. This difference in terminology is not simply a matter of semantics. To label someone a schizophrenic carries an unfortunate and stigmatizing implication that a person’s identity is defined by the disorder he or she has. 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I/O - Stress And Strain At Work Example

Essays on I/O - Stress And Strain At Work Term Paper Fried Green Tomatoes: Stress and Coping The movie â€Å"Fried Green Tomatoes† tells the story of friendship between two sets of women. Ruth and Idgie’s relationship are full of dressing episodes while the friendship that existed between Ninny and Evelyn is health and encouraging. The four women are the main characters in the story, its core theme being the murder of Frank, Ruth’s abusive spouse. In the movie, several characters experience stress as a result of different stressors. Evelyn is stressed by the marriage. Idgie is stressed by the death of her brother, and Ruth is subjected to a lot of suffering by her abusive husband. The three cases are closely related to what we have studied in class. The stressors in all the three cases are social in nature. In Idgie’s case, the stressor is also the change that came with his brother’s death. Each of the three characters deal mentioned above deal with emotional strain as a result of their different expe riences. Ruth is emotionally strained as she attempts to cope with her abusive husband. Idgie is strained emotionally due to the death of her brother. The characters attempt to cope with their stresses and strains in various ways. Idgie, for example becomes reserved and withdraws from formal interaction even with her close relations. In this respect, her coping method was ineffective as it did not lead her toward overcoming her stress. It is important for characters to better cope with their stresses or stressors especially if it is not possible to ultimately do away with them. In some cases, people may make irrational choices in trying to deal with stressors. Learning to cope positively with the stressors helps avoid certain ills. In Idgie’s case, there was no way of restoring his brother’s life. This means that she was better placed in copying positively with her loss. By engaging Idgie in a healthy friendship, Ninny managed to help her cope with her situation. In th is respect, Ninny offered her social support which is an effective intervention when dealing with stress. ReferencesAvnet J. (1991) Fried Green Tomatoes. Fannie Flagg and Carol Sobieski. Movie.

Education And Human Resource Development -Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Education And Human Resource Development? Answer: Introducation This research article has focused on the importance of strategic human resource management (SHRM) on the perception of federal agency mission accomplishment. This article has emphasized on the view that public organizations have shifted on SHRM for better exploiting sustained competitive advantage and enhancing organizational success. From the research of this article, the difference between the traditional human resource management (HRM) and strategic human resource management can also be understood. As per Lim et al. (2017), Traditional HRM is only concerned about short term accomplishment of organizational goals, whereas SHRM concerned on long term accomplishment of organizational goals through individual employee satisfaction and motivation, training and appraisal. Apart from that, this article has demonstrated that SHRM considers human resources as highly valuable human capital for bringing sustainable competitive advantage in organization. The statements of the author are clear er in the methodology of the research article. The Federal Employee Viewpoint Survey has made it clear that SHRM can better explore the productivity of the human resource through giving an individual concern on their needs and demand. Deli?, Adisa, and Selma Smajlovi?. "Developing the function of human resource management with a view to building competitive advantage of enterprises in Bosnia and Herzegovina."Ekonomski Vjesnik/Econviews: Review of contemporary business, entrepreneurship and economic issues27, no. 2 (2014): 363-377. This article has illuminated on the importance of Strategic Human Resource Management on building competitive advantage on organizations. Contemporary organizations are highly prone to face tough challenges and competition in the marker. Therefore, such organizations should search for new sources to preserve the competitive advantage over the rivals in the market. According to Deli?, Adisa, and Selma Smajlovi? (2014), SHRM focuses on the human resource and their knowledge as the fundamental value for organizations towards preserving their competitive advantage. While considering the resource approach of organizations towards competitive advantage, the tangible resources are like material and financial resources. However, this article has illuminated on human resources as invaluable intangible organizational resources, which are extremely importance for bringing the long term sustainable organizational success. The knowledge, skills and special characteristics of human resources are h ighly valuable for creating competitive advantage. Therefore, SHRM suggests for recruiting right employees having specialized knowledge and skills, upgrading their knowledge with changing business requirements, motivating employees for their better performance and retaining the best talents. The statements the author is evident in the survey method adopted for analyzing the SHRM of Bosnian and Herzegovinian enterprises. Ananthram, Subramaniam, Alan Nankervis, and Christopher Chan. "Strategic human asset management: Evidence from North America."Personnel Review42, no. 3 (2013): 281-299. This article has focused on strategic human asset management for gaining long term competitive in organization. Ananthram et al. (2013) pointed out that SHRM frames HRM system as coherent system towards aligning the knowledge of the human resources with the specific requirements of business. The combined skills, knowledge, experience and attitude of the workforce enhance the productivity, profitability and organizational return on investment. The literature review of the research article has provided a balance perspective regarding strategic human asset management. The article has described that organizations should initiate employee development programs and close monitoring system through effective performance appraisal system. Apart from that, strategic human assess management also emphasizes on accumulation of firm knowledge with integrated and aggregated HR data. The article also estimated that SHRM eliminated the risk and uncertainties of organizations through proper development of employee skills and proper talent management. The methodology of the research study seems to be quite effective for gathering adequate research information. The information collected from the semi-structured interview of the respondents has explored that SHRM is quite effective for maintaining organizational success through strategic agility. Buttiens, Dorien, and Annie Hondeghem. "Strategic choices regarding talent management in the Flemish public sector."Society and Economy37, no. 1 (2015): 49-72. This research article has heighted on strategic choice for regarding talent management in organizations. According to Buttiens, Dorien and Annie Hondeghem (2015), strategic human resource develops talent system, which reflects particularly on organizational objectives in the context of strategic constraints. Moreover, SHRM recruits, develops and retain highly talented human resources and apply their special skills and knowledge towards dealing with the strategic constraints of organizations. The purpose of the research article has been clearly stated in the introduction section. As per this article, SHRM is concerned about exclusive talent management for fostering innovative ideas in organizations towards gaining sustainable competitive advantage. The information collected from the survey of organizations in Flemish government is extremely important for understanding the SHRM towards overcoming strategic organizational constraints and maintain organizational success. The survey has d emonstrated proper integration between the HRM process and talent management towards dealing with strategic organizational constraints. The method applied in the research is quite effective for collecting research information. Paill, Pascal, Yang Chen, Olivier Boiral, and Jiafei Jin. "The impact of human resource management on environmental performance: An employee-level study."Journal of Business Ethics121, no. 3 (2014): 451-466. This article has emphasized on the importance of strategic human resource management towards fostering environmental performance on organizations. According to Paill et al. (2014), SHRM upgrade and develop the skills level the employees towards protecting the environment from harmful effect of the organizations. Moreover, such skills are beyond the job duties of the employees, which assist the organizations in employing the human resources towards developing environmental strategic and gaining sustainable competitive advantage. Strategic human resource management develops the competency level of the employees through proper integration of their knowledge, skills and experience. In this way, such competent employees become highly concerned about protecting environment from harmful organizational influence. Apart from that, such competent employees also encourage others in fostering corporate citizenship behavior, which helps the organization in gaining competitive edge. The field surv ey conducted on the Chinese organizational context has provided accurate information regarding the importance of SHRM in fostering environmental performance of organizations. Eneh, Sunday Isaac, and Nsobiari Festus Awara. "Strategic human resource management practices and organizational growth: a theoretical perspective."Global Journal of Social Sciences15, no. 1 (2016): 27. This research article has emphasized on the importance of strategic human resource management practice on organizational growth. The article has focused on the relationship between employee training and productivity and reward system and profitability in an organization. Eneh, Sunday Isaac and Nsobiari Festus Awara (2016) opined that SHRM is responsible for attracting, selecting, training, assessing and rewarding the employees towards motivating them in fostering innovation for gaining competitive advantage in organizations. As per this article, training and reward system motivates the employees towards enhancing performance level of the employees. In this way, enhance performance level of the employees actually enhances the overall organizational productivity, which fosters organizational growth. Furthermore, SHRM also focuses on balanced work life of the employees, which leads to mental satisfaction of the employees. In this way, increasing satisfaction level of the employees enhan ces their efficiency level of the employees, which also increases organizational effectiveness and leads to organizational growth. This research article has used qualitative approach for gathering different viewpoints of different sources regarding SHRM. However, limitation of secondary sources can reduce the quality of information in this research article. Khalil Darwish, Tamer, and Satwinder Singh. "Does strategic human resource involvement and devolvement enhance organisational performance? Evidence from Jordan."International Journal of Manpower34, no. 6 (2013): 674-692. This research article has focused on strategic human resource involvement and development towards enhancing organizational performance. As per Khalil Darwish, Tamer and Satwinder Singh (2013), SHRM empowers the line managers with greater responsibilities in regards to long term human resource planning, which can reduce employee turnover and enhance organizational performance. Strategic human resource involvement and development align the human resource strategies with overall organizational vision and objectives. As per SHRM, the organizational policies and procedures should develop the skills and knowledge of the employees motivating them towards better performance. In this way, SHRM actually enhance the overall organizational performance. SHRM involves higher level of employee involvement in the organizational decision-making process, which motivates the employees through increasing their worth and better understanding the organizational objectives. Moreover, through SHRM, the empl oyees can better align their efforts with organizational objectives towards enhancing organizational performance. The survey method applied on the HR directors of financial sectors in Jordan has provided accurate information regarding the research. Bak-Grabowska, Dominika, Agnieszka Jagoda, and Katarzyna Grzesik. "Personnel Strategy in Corporate Groups - Empirical Investigation."International Journal of Arts Sciences8, no. 4 (2015): 13-19 This article has focused on the framing personnel strategy through strategic human resource management in corporate groups. According to Bak-Grabowska et al. (2015), strategic human resource management creates a linkage between the personnel strategy and business strategy towards enhancing overall organizational performance. SHRM sets personnel strategies, which constitutes consistent and comprehensive set of long-term principles, which takes the advantages of human capital towards overall organizational growth. Moreover, such personnel strategies are clear, transparent, practical and innovative towards enhancing overall organizational performance. Furthermore, SHRM breaks down the tasks of the human resources into smaller and manageable components for enhancing the effectiveness of the human resources. Moreover, the approach of SHRM takes the advantage of human capital towards maintaining long term and sustainable competitive advantage in organization. The survey method applied in t he research study has provided effective information regarding the personnel strategies of corporate groups through SHRM towards enhancing overall organizational performance. Chenijani, Akram Ahmadnia, and Nour Mohammad Yaghoubi. "Pathological approach to human resource management: Strategic approach to maintenance human resource and organizational commitment."International Journal of Organizational Leadership2, no. 1 (2013): 38 The title of the article is clear, which indicates strategic approach for developing human resource. The research article provides a condensed pathological strategic approach for managing human resource in an organization, which indicates a clear purpose. Considering the literature review section, it can be said that Chenijani, Akram Ahmadnia, and Nour Mohammad Yaghoubi (2013) tried to justify research purpose by highlighting the contribution of pathological approaches for SHRM from different articles. However, the article has highlighted both research questions and research hypothesis and T-test justified the analysis of hypothesis acceptance but there has been no analysis for research questions. It was accurate to use SPSS, but the article shows very less findings, graphs, charts and numbers. Descriptive analysis was done and factors that need to be considered for strengthening human resource were found to be justice, support, approach, culture, excellence and commitment. However, authors failed to describe and elaborate the implications of each variable. Long Choi Sang. "Success factors of human resource profession in Malaysia: A quantitative study."New Horizons in Adult Education and Human Resource Development25, no. 2 (2013): 49-61 The research article provides a clear indication through its title about creating the success factors for employees. However, the abstract is very short and does not highlight the aim and purpose, but has cleared the findings. Long Choi Sang (2013) provided a clear research purpose that the article is all about finding the success factors of the HR profession in Malaysia. This article has developed a concrete relationship between dependent and independent variables, which are HR competency, firms performance and HR success factors. In order to find the differences between mean ranking and HR competencies, Kruskal Wallis test statistics was used and it was found that Malaysian organizations need to hire employees with at least graduate degree. Also, employees are supposed to undergo development in accounting, marketing and technical competence aspects. Overall this research article is well structured and correct methodology was chosen but the number of respondents was very less and th erefore obtained result might not be accurate for the entire Malaysian industry. Reference List Ananthram, Subramaniam, Alan Nankervis, and Christopher Chan. "Strategic human asset management: Evidence from North America."Personnel Review42, no. 3 (2013): 281-299. Bak-Grabowska, Dominika, Agnieszka Jagoda, and Katarzyna Grzesik. "Personnel Strategy in Corporate Groups - Empirical Investigation."International Journal of Arts Sciences8, no. 4 (2015): 13-19 Buttiens, Dorien, and Annie Hondeghem. "Strategic choices regarding talent management in the Flemish public sector."Society and Economy37, no. 1 (2015): 49-72. Chenijani, Akram Ahmadnia, and Nour Mohammad Yaghoubi. "Pathological approach to human resource management: Strategic approach to maintenance human resource and organizational commitment."International Journal of Organizational Leadership2, no. 1 (2013): 38 Deli?, Adisa, and Selma Smajlovi?. "Developing the function of human resource management with a view to building competitive advantage of enterprises in Bosnia and Herzegovina."Ekonomski Vjesnik/Econviews: Review of contemporary business, entrepreneurship and economic issues27, no. 2 (2014): 363-377. Eneh, Sunday Isaac, and Nsobiari Festus Awara. "Strategic human resource management practices and organizational growth: a theoretical perspective."Global Journal of Social Sciences15, no. 1 (2016): 27. Khalil Darwish, Tamer, and Satwinder Singh. "Does strategic human resource involvement and devolvement enhance organisational performance? Evidence from Jordan."International Journal of Manpower34, no. 6 (2013): 674-692. Lim, Seunghoo, Tae Kyu Wang, and Soo-Young Lee. "Shedding New Light on Strategic Human Resource Management: The Impact of Human Resource Management Practices and Human Resources on the Perception of Federal Agency Mission Accomplishment."Public Personnel Management46, no. 2 (2017): 91-117 Long Choi Sang. "Success factors of human resource profession in Malaysia: A quantitative study."New Horizons in Adult Education and Human Resource Development25, no. 2 (2013): 49-61 Paill, Pascal, Yang Chen, Olivier Boiral, and Jiafei Jin. "The impact of human resource management on environmental performance: An employee-level study."Journal of Business Ethics121, no. 3 (2014): 451-466.

Ipremier Dos Attack Essay Essay Example

Ipremier Dos Attack Essay Essay IntroductionOn January 12th. 2007 at 4:31am. Bob Turley. CIO of the iPremier Company. received a panicky phone call from his IT operations staff. Their external facing web site was â€Å"locked up† and could non be accessed by anyone. including their clients. iPremier is a web-based concern that generates gross through entirely treating on-line orders. While the web waiter was down. the company could non accept any new orders or let their clients to see their merchandises. An inadequately third-party managed and configured router/firewall allowed hackers to put to death a DOS ( Denial of Service ) onslaught on iPremier. I recommend buying a new firewall solution that will be managed and configured by the Company’s IT staff internally. This degree of control will let the company to orient the degree of security they desire and give them the ability to extenuate menaces consequently. We will write a custom essay sample on Ipremier Dos Attack Essay specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Ipremier Dos Attack Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Ipremier Dos Attack Essay specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Summary of FactsAt 4:31am on January 12th. 2007. Bob Turley ( CIO of iPremier ) received a panicky call from Leon Ledbetter in operations. Leon stated that the Company’s web site was down and that clients could non entree the site. He besides stated electronic mails incorporating the phrase â€Å"ha ha† were being received by the mail waiter. The Company’s proficient operations squad leader. Joanne Ripley called Mr. Turley at 4:39am saying she could non entree their equipment from the line to their office and indicated she was driving toward the Qdata co-located installation. She confirmed that Qdata ( their hosting company ) claims there was non a connectivity issue in or out of the edifice. Ripley stated the she would seek to re-start the web waiter once she reached the installation and confirmed she had an outdated transcript of exigency processs in her vehicle. Shortly after Mr. Turley hung up with Ripley he received a call from Warren Spangler. VP of concern development. Mr. Spangler was concerned with the affect on the Company’s stock monetary value. naming the constabulary or FBI. and basic PR issues ensuing from the incident. After Mr. Turley hung up with Spangler. he received a call from Ripley saying that Leon from operations notified Mr. Spangler of the incident. Turley so proceeded to name Tim Mandel. the Company’s CTO. Mandel advised Turley non to draw the Internet connexion so farther logging could be obtained. He besides disclosed advanced farinaceous logging would non be available due to infinite restraints from finance issue s. He besides received a call from Peter Stewart. the Company’s legal advocate. reding him to draw the stopper on the Internet connexion. Stewart advised that Jack Samuelson. the Company’s CEO. asked him to supply legal advice on the affair. Ripley besides called in and reported she could non entree the NOC due to knowledge and staffing issues at the Qdata installation. At this point Samuelson called Turley straight and advised that his chief concern was acquiring the Company back online and reiterated that Turley should non worry about any PR issues at this minute in clip. Shortly after. Ripley obtained entree to the hosted firewall and determined the closure was due to a SYN inundation type of DOS onslaught. A SYN inundation occurs when â€Å"external hosts attempt to overpower the waiter machine by directing a changeless watercourse of TCP connexion petitions. coercing the waiter to apportion resources for each new connexion until all resources are exhausted ( Lemon. 2 002 ) . Ripley attempted to barricade entree from the arising IP reference but rapidly learned that living dead machines were being used in the onslaught. rendering this attack useless. He hung up with Ripley so received another call from her at 5:46am saying that the onslaught all of a sudden stopped. Ripley confirmed the web site was back on-line and the concern was running every bit usual. This DOS onslaught prevented iPremier from selling merchandises. and allowing clients position merchandises. on their web site. This is the exclusive presence of the concern. and when the web site is down. the company can non bring forth gross. All responsible parties and directors were rapidly involved and attempted to extenuate negative effects to the company. There appeared to be a little gulf between the legal and functional leading advice across the board. The web site was merely down for a small over an hr and iPremier provinces there was no significant impact to the concern at this clip. Problem and Options This denial of service onslaught occurred due to inadequate firewall constellation and direction. This job was farther amplified by the fact that the firewall service was hosted by a third-party seller. Qdata. iPremier recognized staffing and general IT cognition and direction issues with Qdata in the past. but chose non to move upon their finds. iPremier did non hold any active monitoring of the firewall and merely knew there was a series concern runing issue merely when the web waiter was to the full unapproachable and unresponsive. One solution is for iPremier to buy their ain firewall where they can use the proper constellation to forestall farther onslaughts. This degree of direction will besides supply them with advantages where they could to the full supervise the device and to setup dismaies bespeaking when there is a possible issue. iPremier will hold full control over the device leting them to custom-make the degree of security they desire. The drawback is the cognition necessary to adequately configure and keep the device. Another solution is to go on their firewall service with Qdata after a complete audit was performed. Any failings in the security design would hold to be addressed and some type of warrant of service would hold to be put in authorship. I would besides urge that iPremier obtains some type of service degree understanding from Qdata to guarantee a prompt response clip during an incident. Some type of eventuality program must besides be put into topographic point leting them to instantly entree the device locally and remotely during a serious issue. The advantage here is maintaining the current supplier which would non necessitate them to do any web or equipment alterations. The obvious disadvantage would be go oning service with a company who has already failed them in the past screening hapless credibleness. A 3rd solution would be for iPremier to exchange to a firewall and security supplier who would supply a high degree of service for a fee they would experience comfy with. The same type of entree demands would be required during a serious issue to let iPremier entree when deemed necessary. â€Å"Shopping† around for a seller would let them to to a great extent research best in industry suppliers with a proved path record. The advantage here is obtaining a top-level service supplier with the right â€Å"know how† but finally iPremier would hold to reconfigure some equipment and do web alterations. Harmonizing to Allen. Gabbard. May. Hayes. A ; Sledge ( 2003 ) . utilizing a managed service supplier is a feasible solution for administering security operations and duties where the organisation still owns the associated hazards. but allows sharing and extenuation of the hazards. Decision and Decision Regardless of which solution iPremier chooses to implement. they must execute a full audit to bring out precisely what let this DOS onslaught to happen. We know the failing was in the firewall. but cognizing the root cause will let iPremier to utilize this calamity as a larning experience to construct upon in the hereafter. Joanne Ripley seems competent and willing to implement a â€Å"better† solution and I recommend prosecuting her in all treatments affecting this incident traveling frontward. Internal control of a firewall solution will let iPremier direction to acquire every bit involved as they want to be. The CTO and CIO could besides potentially pull studies from the device leting them to do future security planning determinations. Harmonizing to Applegate. Austin. A ; Soule. ( 2009 ) . exchanging IT systems can go hard and dearly-won once it is ingrained into daily activities. This facet of the security solution should decidedly be examined and taken into consideration. Allowing direction and IT staff to be involved in the Company’s security solution will assist maintain up security consciousness in the workplace every bit good. One individual may lose a possible menace that another staff member could acknowledge. Person as plugged in and competent as Ripley should merely be allowed to do alterations to the device. Staff should merely hold adequate entree to execute the necessary undertaking at manus. This would typically merely affect read-only entree to the security devices. iPremier conducts all of its concern through their web site and they can non afford for it to be down for any sum of clip. Mentions Allen. J. . Gabbard. D. . May. C. . Hayes. E. . A ; Sledge. C. ( 2003 ) . Outsourcing managed security services ( No. CMU/SEI-SIM-012 ) . CARNEGIE-MELLON UNIV PITTSBURGH PA SOFTWARE ENGINEERING INST. Applegate. L. M. . Austin. R. D. . A ; Soule. D. L. ( 2009 ) . Corporate information scheme and direction: Text and instances. Boston: McGraw-Hill Irwin. Lemon. J. ( 2002. February ) . Defying SYN Flood DoS Attacks with a SYN Cache. In BSDCon ( Vol. 2002. pp. 89-97 ) .

To Kill A Mockingbird- Analyze the Fire Scene essays

To Kill A Mockingbird- Analyze the Fire Scene essays The scene in which Ms. Maudies house burned down was an important one. These are some interpretations of why the author included the scene. It showed us how the community of Maycomb would work together during an emergency. Every single person was out there in the snow, in their pajamas, doing everything they could to help, whether it be removing furniture or helping to control the fire. Even Mr. Avery, who was thought of as a stubborn old man was doing his part to help. The scene also showed a side of Ms. Maudie that seems a little odd, even for her. She did not seem to be sad about losing her home. In fact, she seemed happy. She said that she was looking forward to building a smaller house so that she could have a bigger garden. She should be sad that her entire home burned down. The fire scene also gave a chance for the author to have Boo Radley actually interact on a physical level with Scout and Jem. He put a blanket around Scouts shopulders. It makes you see that he actually cares for kids. It is as if he wants to look after them and at the same time be friends with them. The Rumors also made Boo Radley seem like an evil man who killed people and watched people in their houses at night but here you start to see that he actually is a nice gentleman. The author is also able to use this scene to her advantage by showing us how Jem feels about the relationship between Boo Radley and Mr. Nathan, and also between Boo Radley, Scout, and himself. ...

How to Prepare Common Base Solutions

How to Prepare Common Base Solutions Prepare solutions of common bases using this handy reference table which lists the amount of solute  (concentrated base solution) that is used to make 1 L of base solution. Stir the base into a large volume of water and then dilute the solution to make one liter. Use care when adding sodium hydroxide to water, since this is an exothermic reaction that generates considerable heat. Be sure to use borosilicate glass and consider immersing the container in a bucket of ice to keep the heat down. Use solid sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide to prepare solutions of those bases. Use concentrated (14.8 M) ammonium hydroxide for those preparations. Base Solution Peparations   Name / Formula / F.W. Concentration Amount/Liter Ammonium Hydroxide 6 M 405 mL NH4OH 3 M 203 F.W. 35.05 1 M 68 0.5 M 34 0.1 M 6.8 Potassium Hydroxide 6 M 337 g KOH 3 M 168 F.W. 56.11 1 M 56 0.5 M 28 0.1 M 5.6 Sodium Hydroxide 6 M 240 g NaOH 3 M 120 F.W. 40.00 1 M 40 0.5 M 20 0.1 M 4.0

China and tibet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

China and tibet - Essay Example Tibetans say that China has snatched their independence making their culture, language and religion sink. Moreover, they say that Chinese troops have killed thousands of Tibetans since 1950. â€Å"The groups also claim Tibetans have gradually become the minority population in their own homeland† (Armstrong). Tensions went high in 2008 when a protest led by Tibetans in Lhasa turned into violent riots. Tibetan mobs started burning shops, buses and assets of ethnic Chinese. The government of China ordered its security forces to handle the situation. A clash occurred between Tibetans and the security forces, which resulted in a number of deaths. Tibetan exiles claimed that Chinese forces killed nearly 200 Tibetans, whereas the government denied this by saying that only 22 people were killed in the incident and most of them were Chinese civilians. Since then, the tensions have been high in China. The present situation is that Tibetans have contacted the international community to put pressure on the government of China. However, the government of China does not seem to listen to the concerns of Tibetans at all. Armstrong, Paul. â€Å"Whats behind Chinas Tibetan unrest?.† CNN.com, 31 Jan. 2012 Web. 02 Apr. 2012.

Discussion 9 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Discussion 9 - Essay Example Scholars argue that although it is possible to learn about other cases through a similar case, it does not mean that cases studies are only used in making generalizations. On the contrary drawing inferences about a population from a case study is not justifiable (Creswell, 2003). Case studies are similar to other types of research and involve the identification of the problem, the collection of data and the analysis and reporting of results. As in other types of techniques, the approach and the analysis depends on the nature of the research problem. Case studies can be descriptive, interpretive or evaluative. The defining characteristics of a case study therefore are a deeper, intensive study of a single unit through detailed collection and analysis of many sources of information (Kumar, 2008:Babbie, 2010). In the first article titled â€Å"The impact of internet usage: A case study of delta state tertiary institutions† the objective of the study was to investigate and evaluate the impact of internet usage in institutions of higher learning in Delta State in Nigeria. The methodology used in this case is a case study that used questionnaires to solicit information from students and staff of four higher institutions of learning in Delta state in Nigeria. The questionnaires were randomly distributed to staff and students in four institutions of higher learning and later collected and analyzed (Ureigho, Oroke, & Ekruyota, 2006). It is possible to see a link between the research objective and the methodology taken as this study involved an in depth analysis of the impact of internet usage in institutions of higher learning. The most suitable approach to conduct this study was thus the case study methodology as it would lead to a lot of information about the problem in question. A focus group is an informal discussion among a group of selected individuals about a particular topic.

Influence to the Indian populace Essay Example for Free

Influence to the Indian populace Essay His influence to the Indian populace was so great that when he met an accident while filming the movie, Coolie, the whole nation prayed for his recovery. There was also a great number of Indians who donated blood for the actor. During the taping for the movie, Bachchan wanted a scene to be realistic so he suggested how the punch should be undertaken unfortunately, the acting got so intense that he ended up in pain. For several days, the doctors cannot find the source of Bachchan’s hurt, until one day, a doctor was able to detect a dark spot on his intestine. The dark spot was his undigested when the punch in his abdomen was made. After seventy-two hours of pain, the undigested food could have turned into poison (Mishra 142-143). His intestine was also ruptured as a result of his fall on the steel table after the punch administered by the stuntman (Chopra n. pag. ) The doctors opted for an immediate operation, however, while he was in the operating table, he lost signs of life. He was declared clinically dead until his wife, Jaya shouted that he saw him move his toe. After this remarkable statement of his wife, the doctors were able to revive him (Mishra 142-143). Throughout the period that he was in the hospital, his supporters speculated that the punch that he received was real and intentional—that it was meant to hurt him. However, no proof was established to back up the claim. After the recovery, Bachchan continued filming the movie to where he left off. He also thanked those who offered prayers for his recovery and the support that the entire nation devoted to him. To date, he is the only movie actor who received such sympathy. People from all walks of life showed all the support they can give and it was as if life in India stopped for Bachchan. Life only returned to its normal shape when it was declared that he is already safe (Mishra 142-143) Aside from acting, Bachchan also tried his luck in politics after he was swayed by his friend Rajiv Gandhi, whose mother was assassinated and won by sympathy vote. Bachchan was elected to a Parliamentary seat, however, this prestigious position did not prove beneficial to him as his name was included to a political controversy. Bachchan, his brother and Rajiv were accused with bribery. It was rumored that the Boffors company bribed Indian politicians to ensure that the government will buy tanks and other military equipment from them (Mishra 144). This hullabaloo seriously injured the name that Bachchan was able to established through time so he decided to quit politics two years after he first explored it. After his flop in the field of politics, Bachchan returned to his first love—film making. Bachchan is well loved by the Indians and his acting widely accepted, however, these love and acceptance were not enough to keep his star shining after the political controversy he faced. Mishra, however, points out that his breakdown in politics is not the direct cause of his collapse as a star. Just like the period when he started his sensational career as an actor, the people then were looking for variety, for something new to watch, the Indians also felt this way at some point when Bachchan was the king of the charts. The people were worn-out with the constant revenge and anger theme in his movies and were looking for something new—for a new approach in movies. This was the time when the need to revive Romanticism was felt. The revival of romance in the films brought back the idea of a character and once again motivation replaced generic predictability, something which Bachchan turned his back on (Mishra 138). For Bombay cinema to survive, the romantic twist had to return. And so, as Bachchan’s star waned, romance returned (Mishra 138). After his political stint and cinema flops, Bachchan shifted his attention to a new venture. He created a multi-faceted commercial enterprise known as the Amitabh Bachchan Corporation Limited or ABCL. The company delved in production and distribution of films and other ventures that involved the movie industry. For sometime, the company enjoyed success in producing movies and even catered the Miss World pageant in India in 1996. However, in its latter years, it faced so many debts that it reached bankruptcy (Indiaoye). His failure both in the political and business worlds, prompted him to go back to where he established his name—the entertainment industry. At 55, he filmed his comeback movie, Mrityutada. It was not as successful as his previous movies but it was enough to sustain him in the entertainment field. Two years after his comeback film, he was named in a BBC poll as the Superstar of the Millennium. This title placed him in equal footing with Sir Lawrence Olivier, Charlie Chaplin and Marlon Brando. Aside from this, he is also the first Asian actor to be included in Madame Tassaud’s wax museum (hindi lyrix n. pag. ). According to Mishra, Bachchan’s success in his career is not only because of his talent in acting but also because of his skill in building his image outside the theater houses. The author suggests three stages in the life of Bachchan that moulded his image as an actor. First is his relationship with his leading ladies, particularly Rekha. Rekha, the daughter of the Hindi actor Ganeshan, is a tall and good looking woman who exhibited real acting talent. She was one of the few actors then who brought â€Å"real sense of character to the films†. She was suspected by journalists to have established a romantic relation with Bachchan and this suspected relationship was â€Å"extensively documented in the fanzines†. Mishra suggests that this added to the growth of the â€Å"quietly sanctioned counternarrative† by the actor himself. However, Bachchan imposed censorship when journalists began to pester him (Mishra 140). The affair of Rekha and Bachchan was better revealed in the movie Silsila (Continuity, 1981). In this movie the actors showed what they could not reveal in real life—depicting the love triangle that exists between Jaya, the wife; Bachchan, the husband; and Rekha, the mistress (Mishra 141).

Is the Watch Industry dominated by an Oligopoly*, which is beneficial E

Is the Watch Industry dominated by an Oligopoly*, which is beneficial to both firms and consumers? *= See glossary for meanings. Hypothesis ========== I believe that the watch industry is dominated by an oligopoly, which is beneficial to both firms and consumers. The watch firms are both price makers*, which is good for the watch firms, and price takers*, which is good for consumers. Aim In this investigation I shall be examining the watch industry. I will use a Mintel report of the watch industry produced in 1995 and information worksheets to test my hypothesis. Findings and Application of Theories Five companies, or the 'C5 ratio', dominate the watch industry. They have 40% of the market share* (see fig.1.). Zeon Ltd. is the market leader*. There have been no recent take-overs or mergers in the watch industry, so the market leadership is slight. The growth of the industry has been organic*. GRAPH This representation makes the watch industry an oligopoly, as opposed to being perfect competition*, imperfect competition, or a monopoly*. There are a number of reasons why the watch industry is an oligopoly. Firstly are there barriers to entry* as opposed to free entry*. One barrier to entry for other prospective watch manufacturers is economies of scale*. The larger, more established firms have a number of cost advantages, such as being able to buy raw materials in bulk or borrow large sums of money. Their production costs are therefore cheaper and therefore they will probably be able to sell their watches at a lower price than smaller, newer firms. Another barrier to entry is branding. All of the firms in the oligopoly have very established names in the... ...a novelty/ luxury item. The success of this strategy depends on maintaining low costs at low volume on a high quality image with few or no competitors. - Price Makers: In a monopoly situation where there is only one, or very few suppliers. The industry can set its prices at whatever level they want without the chance of being undercut by competition (because there is none). - Price Takers: In an industry where there is a lot of competition (ideally perfect competition), the sellers must have the prices of their product low in order to sell them. If they did not have low enough prices, customers would go elsewhere as there will be many substitutes that are cheaper. Bibliography 1) The Watch Industry Mintel Report- 1995 (obtained from Sheffield Hallam University's 'Adsett's Centre') 2) Business and Economics class worksheets Is the Watch Industry dominated by an Oligopoly*, which is beneficial E Is the Watch Industry dominated by an Oligopoly*, which is beneficial to both firms and consumers? *= See glossary for meanings. Hypothesis ========== I believe that the watch industry is dominated by an oligopoly, which is beneficial to both firms and consumers. The watch firms are both price makers*, which is good for the watch firms, and price takers*, which is good for consumers. Aim In this investigation I shall be examining the watch industry. I will use a Mintel report of the watch industry produced in 1995 and information worksheets to test my hypothesis. Findings and Application of Theories Five companies, or the 'C5 ratio', dominate the watch industry. They have 40% of the market share* (see fig.1.). Zeon Ltd. is the market leader*. There have been no recent take-overs or mergers in the watch industry, so the market leadership is slight. The growth of the industry has been organic*. GRAPH This representation makes the watch industry an oligopoly, as opposed to being perfect competition*, imperfect competition, or a monopoly*. There are a number of reasons why the watch industry is an oligopoly. Firstly are there barriers to entry* as opposed to free entry*. One barrier to entry for other prospective watch manufacturers is economies of scale*. The larger, more established firms have a number of cost advantages, such as being able to buy raw materials in bulk or borrow large sums of money. Their production costs are therefore cheaper and therefore they will probably be able to sell their watches at a lower price than smaller, newer firms. Another barrier to entry is branding. All of the firms in the oligopoly have very established names in the... ...a novelty/ luxury item. The success of this strategy depends on maintaining low costs at low volume on a high quality image with few or no competitors. - Price Makers: In a monopoly situation where there is only one, or very few suppliers. The industry can set its prices at whatever level they want without the chance of being undercut by competition (because there is none). - Price Takers: In an industry where there is a lot of competition (ideally perfect competition), the sellers must have the prices of their product low in order to sell them. If they did not have low enough prices, customers would go elsewhere as there will be many substitutes that are cheaper. Bibliography 1) The Watch Industry Mintel Report- 1995 (obtained from Sheffield Hallam University's 'Adsett's Centre') 2) Business and Economics class worksheets

Climate Change Migration

IDEM reported that disasters such as floods, storms and earthquakes triggered the displacement of over 15 million, more than 90% of which were related to climate or extreme weather events. Displacement related to slow-onset disasters, Including drought and long-term processes of environmental degradation and habitat loss displace many more, but Is UN-quantified.International Organization for Migration The links between climate change and migration, however, are complicated and still poorly understood. Such changes are rarely unique drivers of population escapement. They are one significant determinant, in conjunction with economic, social and political factors, and usually linked to existing vulnerabilities. While the growth of environmental refugees has been the most significant in sub-Sahara Africa, other areas are also at heavy risk.Areas at risk that have been identified include: Yemen, China, Louisiana, Devalue, Jackrabbit, Bangladesh. Yemen may run out of water, China Is affect ed by the expansion of Gobo desert, Louisiana and Alaska are losing land to the sea at about 3 meters per year, Devalue or Jackrabbit are among the cost threatened, as they are situated only centimeters above water and Bangladesh may lose one-fifth of Its surface area due to rolling sea levels.Terrible predictions on environmental forced migration have been suggested also for other areas of the world, including Morocco, Tunisia, Libya, Egypt, Turkey, Vietnam, Niger, Ghana, Ecuador, Mexico, Argentina etc Regional Academy on the united Nations: Climate refugees in the 21st century: December 2012 report Case Study 1: Somalia; While the crisis that hit Somalia in 2011 was generally attributed to drought, other intriguing factors included ongoing conflict, violence and restrictions on aid organizations to operate In militia-controlled areas.More than 300,000 Somalis fled during the year, mostly to Ethiopia and Kenya, bringing the total of Somali refugees estimated that almost one third o f Somalia's population of 7. 5 million has been displaced. Case study II: Devalue. A nation in â€Å"God's Hands† The case with the small coral atoll nation of Devalue might be a perfect example to see the question with the climate refugees from a really deferent perspective.A Polynesian island state that consists f nine separate islands in the South Pacific Ocean spread over a very large area with only about 10,000 inhabitants in total has been attracting a lot of attention with its unique situation associated with climate change and the sea-level rise. Devalue belongs to the group of countries comprised entirely of low-lying islands and atolls – the highest point of the country is only 4. 6 meters above the sea level which evidently makes the sea-level rise a major concern for the Devaluation population. According to some estimation, there Is about a 68% probability of the sea level change between . And 2. 7 mm/year. Some researchers state that Devalue will be practi cally resources. Having no surface rivers, streams or lakes, the inhabitants' only option is to rely on rainwater. Therefore, long draughts (that have been more frequent in recent years) can be catastrophic to the nation. Observers state that land loss, shoreline retreat and coastal erosion are already affecting beach vegetation and mangrove forest in Devalue. At the same time, saline contamination of freshwater will affect human health, increasing chances of diseases. Devaluations deeply attached to heir land, families and culture and reluctant to leave their country.The UN does not consider Devaluations as refugees. Despite all the discussions on how important it is to fill the gaps in the international legal regime affecting â€Å"forcibly displaced persons†, the measures of the UN regarding the case with Devalue have been seen as ineffective. It has also been complicated by the fact that the position of the Devaluation government has resisted the inclusion of ‘reloc ation' in international agreements and has been stating a couple of times that â€Å"Devaluations will remain in Devalue† and were ailing the developed countries to reduce their emissions.Regardless of that aid Devalue is receiving from the ELI, it is notable that Europe is much less keen on cooperation and usually doesn't support Devalue when it is concerned with the emissions cuts and for taking responsibility for the climate change. The main difficulty in framing the issue is the normative gap in the legal framework as this category of people is yet not recognized under the international law. Another obstacle is the institutional gap, as there is no body currently mandated with responsibility for climate-induced displacement.

Utilization of Plastic Waste Production of Hollow Blocks and Bricks

The objective of this IP is to prove that plastics can be recycled into reusable hollow blocks/bricks and help the environment by lessening plastic waste. In this experiment, plastics were cut into small pieces to use them in bricks/hollow blocks.The objective of this project is to help prevent water pollution that causes flood, by collecting and using plastic wrappers in making hollow blocks and bricks. Plastic materials are commonly used in or daily lives. Plastic bags, wrappers, and other related products were introduced to substitute paper products. But now different problem arise because of the use of these materials. Land and water pollution are most common. Those plastic materials are improperly dumbed cause flood because plastic waste takes years to decompose. So one way to lessen those problems is to utilize those plastic waste products, instead of dumping them, and make them reusable. In this experiment we will demonstrate how plastic waste can be used in making hollow bloc ks and bricks.The product can only be used as decorative block and is not intended for building houses and the likes. Every day, we throw away large quantities of polymer in the form of plastic bottles, cartons, and yogurt pots. Experts estimate that 25 percent of polymer waste is unsuitable for recycling for three main reasons; it is economically unprofitable; and it is too dirty. Now, researchers from the Latvian Technological Center and the Institute of Polymer Mechanics at the University of Latvia have come up with a solution. Working with Hormigones Uniland, a Spanish cement company, the researchers have succeeded in turning thermoplastic polymer waste into a binding substance that could be mixed with other materials, like sand, to generate cement-free polymer concrete goods.â€Å"The polymer concrete bricks look like ordinary bricks made from cement,† says Dr. Juris Balodis, project manager at the Latvian Technological Centre. However, he points out that the polymer con crete absorbs less water† so it is very good for resisting temperature variations like freezing.† Both the European market and consumers are expected to benefit from this material, which can work well in a wide range of products,  including street furniture and street curbs. Dr. Balodis and his team are now researching how to accelerate the production of bricks. The current rate is three bricks per minute, but the team wants to increase production to between 30 and 60 bricks per minute.METHODOLOGYMaterials Plastic waste wrappers Cement Red cement Wafer PVC pipes Molder Basin Measuring cup StrainerPROCEDUREThe waste plastic materials were collected and cut into tiny pieces. A basin was prepared for the cement and plastic wrappers. Thirteen cups cement and 13 cups of plastic wrappers were poured into the basin and mixed well. A molder was prepared for the hollow blocks. Eleven cups of plastic wrappers and 11 cups of cement were mixed thoroughly. The mixture was then pour ed into the molder and allowed to dry for two days to ensure that it is firm before it is removed from the molder. For the bricks, two cups of cement, one cup of plastic wrappers, and one cup of red cement were mixed thoroughly. The mixture was then poured into the molder and allowed to dry for at least two days.Results and DiscussionThe following are the observations made on the resulting products: Ordinary Hollow Blocks†¢Long †¢Somewhat Brittle †¢Thick †¢Grayish White Ordinary Bricks †¢Hard †¢Thick †¢Wide †¢Easily Breaks †¢Brown Hollow Blocks with Plastic †¢Smaller in Size †¢More Durable †¢Thicker †¢Dirty White Bricks with Plastic †¢Harder †¢Thinner †¢Wider †¢Durable †¢Light RedConclusionWe therefore conclude that plastic waste can be used in the production of hollow blocks and bricks.Suggestion and RecommendationsThe Researchers recommend collecting plastic wrappers as well as other plastic waste and use or turn them into alternative products to and help the environment. This project can prove useful in homes. Those plastic wastes can be reused in a more profitable way. Lesser waste means lesser pollution in the environment.

How Appropriate Is the Title Spies Essays

How Appropriate Is the Title Spies Essays How Appropriate Is the Title Spies Essay How Appropriate Is the Title Spies Essay Certainly there Is a clear hierarchy of spying within the book, starting with the minor characters, such as the children In the close who also participate In paying. They spy on each other and adults and make clear assumptions on their actively. Indeed when a police man visits the close the children take It Into their own hands to speculate the reason for his visit that peeping Tom was hanging around again last night, the fact that its children spying makes it seem mischievous and less Similarly, the game of spying is usually associated as a game that young serious. Sys would play: Frayne shows that is not always the case. Barbara Berries is presented as a typical young girl pulling girlish faces and making girlish gestures. Frayne repeatedly showed her as giggling and described her leather bag as having a girlishly quality to it, but Barbara was also involved in the interfering act of spying l always know if youre hiding in here. Frayne adds a new dimension to the theme of spying sh owing that everyone is guilty of it. Its not just children in the novel who are involved in the act of spying the adults are also seen as types of spies. Keith and Stephen both believed Kiths parents were some sort of spies Keith states that his father was involved with the secret service ND they both believed Mrs. Hayward was a German spy. Although we know at the end of the novel that Kiths mother was not in fact a German spy and we do not truly know If Kiths father was actually involved in the secret service, this assumption of the two characters relates them to the theme and title of the novel. Thought the novel Stephen talks highly of Kiths family but mentions little of his own. He finds his own family boring doing a Job, too dull to describe Stephen finds his family, too ordinary. The little we do know about his father Is that he was Like omen mild natured furry animal In the last chapter of the novel we discover that Stephens perceptions of his family were entirely wrong actually there were two German spies In the close. We uncover that Stephens father was from Germany and was working for the British military Intelligence. The title of the novel Is plural which Is appropriate as all characters participate In the aspect of spying In terms of context the title Is hugely relevant. The lives of the children are set In world war two. During those times children were surrounded by propaganda of the war and knew of he war effort. Children probably knew that their country was fighting an enemy but didnt truly know the whole facts of the situation similarly to when the children in the close knew there were neighbors living in the street that were different to the rest AT ten monologues. I en CNN learn Dealer ten strange residents were Juice we as readers know that they mean Jews. In the end of the novel we find out the true facts which were that they were actually Greeks. During the war the children were likely to know that something dangerous was going on and my have felt unsafe in their roundings this may have led to the reason why many of the children in the novel feel the need to spy. They may feel that that they can not trust any one not even their own parents as they could be the enemy. The term spy can be seen in two ways, an important person on a secret mission or a deceitful person who is disloyal. There are many examples of deceitfulness throughout the novel. Stephen appears to be Kiths best friend and sticks by him even though no one else likes him everyone except you really hates him but his loyalty seems to fade towards the end of the evolve. When the children in the close harass Keith on the appearance of the policeman, Stephen knows he should speak up and explain the situation but chooses not to, Vive ceased to be his friend; Vive become one of the mob. Stephen knows he is Kiths only friend and decides not to help him in his time of need. Mrs. Hayward is presented by Stephen as almost angelic grace and serenity but she is not what she seems. Her calmness and tranquility is false, behind her perfect exterior hides a life of violence and torture from her controlling husband. Although she is portrayed as Ewing very feminine and elegant, Stephen describes her as having grace and composure, Mrs. Hayward has an immense amount of self control. When she sees Mr. Hayward holding the basket she shows no reaction of panic Oh thank you she says calmly. Knowing what may lay a head of her, will be a terrifying ordeal from her husband Mrs. Hayward reacts very courageous, far from the simple, polished house wife Stephen portrayed her to be. Although Keith and Stephens allegations of Mrs. Hayward being a German spy were a bit far fetched, Stephen and Keith were right n the fact that she was up to something secretive. Mrs. Hayward was clandestinely visiting Uncle Peter in the barns behind her husbands back. She then stops the visits when Mr. Hayward finds out, she not only deceives her husband by these surreptitious visits, she also betrays Uncle Peter by turning her back on him and not visiting. The title can be seen in many ways. It can be seen as summing up the theme of the book which the title of spies succeeded in very well. Stating the main theme at the beginning of the book encourages the reader to focus on it. If the title of spies was named after another theme such as childhood the reader would focus more on the childhood elements of the book and may miss out essential bits. To conclude I believe spies is an appropriate title for this novel as it sums up the book in one simple word. It describes the characters and theme, and it adds mystery right from the very beginning. The word spies implies someone uncovering something secretive which grabs the readers attention before they have even read it! The story its self is a simple one so a short, simple title fits in well.

How to Stay on the Job Hunt, Even When Youre Not Hunting

How to Stay on the Job Hunt, Even When Youre Not Hunting Looking for a new job while still employed in another makes you more employable; however, it can backfire if your current employer finds out. Workers have various reasons to continue the job search. Perhaps your current job is too far away from where you live and commuting costs are pecking away at your salary, perhaps your salary is on the low side for your job description or maybe you want to work your way up the ladder faster. Whatever the reason, job hunting while employed is common. A few tips on how to do it can help. 1. Keep Quiet About Your Job SearchIf you are looking at job ads for a new position, don’t tellyour co-workers. That’s the fastest way for word to get around and eventually your boss will hear about it. Although some employers don’t care if an employee is wanting to change jobs, the knowledge of it can keep you from getting pay raises or responsibilities that you want.2. Don’t Quit Your JobIt’s easier to get a new job if you are already working. In addition, don’t get lazy in your current job because you are hoping to get a new one. You still owe your current employer a good day’s work for your pay.3. Think Before You List Character ReferencesWhile your first inclination may be to include your current boss or co-workers as references on your job application, don’t do it. Obviously, if you get called for an interview and the hiring manager calls your references, everyone in the office will know you are job hunting. Surprisingly enough, many of those seeking a new job don’t think to leave these references out of their resumes.4. Don’t Bad Mouth Your BossYour current boss may not be all sweetness and light, but bad mouthing your employer is always a bad idea. It may give recruiters the impression that you are a complainer or difficult to get along with. Focus on your qualifications for the job application and the good opportunity it offers for your advancement.5. Scheduling J ob InterviewsHours when you are supposed to be at work are not the times to schedule job interviews. Missing work hours can make your boss suspicious and does not look good to other employees. In addition, it looks odd if your office dress is casual, and you show up for work dressed up for an interview. Instead, schedule interviews outside of office hours or on weekends when you aren’t at work.This is another no-no when searching for a job while still employed. People who have Facebook or other social media accounts often have friends in the same office. Those friends also have friends who may learn of your job search activities through social media. Job boards are the same problem. Since posting your resume or interest in other jobs on these sites could end up with you pounding the pavement looking for work, keep your job search private.6.  Don’t Use Office EquipmentDon’t use office equipment, such as phones, computers and fax machines, to conduct a job searc h or send in resumes. First of all, many companies monitor use of their machines to ensure that employees are not spending company time on personal affairs. Second, you are actually supposed to be working, so keep your mind on the business at hand.There are easier ways to find a new job, no matter what the field, whether healthcare jobs, computer jobs or other types. TheJobNetwork makes it easy and does the searching for you. All you have to do is list your qualifications and the type of job you are looking for, and we do the rest. When appropriate jobs pop up, you receive an email when you sign up for job match alert. This way, you will be among the first to apply for those jobs, and opportunities will no longer slip by.

School Psychologist Interview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

School Psychologist Interview - Essay Example It is clear that the assistive technology is a lifeline that can increase the opportunities for students to educate themselves and to interact with the society with confidence even after disabilities. It can also be said that the assistive technology is also used as an evaluation process for students. It helps to evaluate students with disabilities (Anogianakis, Buhler, & Soede, 1997). Therefore, teachers in XYZ School are using this technology for two purposes. One is to teach in a different and easy manner to the disabled students and secondly to evaluate those students. The reason behind this is that it was very difficult to evaluate the disabled students especially those who have lack of their motor skills. In addition, all those students who have physical, sensory or cognitive disabilities, they face barriers to learning. Therefore, it will not be incorrect to state that use of assistive technology is helpful in the evaluation process. It provides the accurate and fair results, and it is easy for students and teachers (Federici & Scherer, 2012). On the other side, for the progress monitoring of all students in the school the use of the latest technology is essential for teachers especially. The reason behind it is that technology systems assists in strengthening of the process to be implemented for making instructional decisions for the student’s progress. The increased use of technology in the school system allows teachers to meet the diverse needs of children in a unique and interesting manner (Salvia, Ysseldyke, & Bolt, 2009).

Treament for the elderly alcoholic Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Treament for the elderly alcoholic - Assignment Example The focus was on the goals and purposes of treatment of elderly alcoholics and how the services he offered could be accessed. We also discussed a variety of crisis situations followed by a question answer session. The outcome of an hour long interview is enumerated as under in detail. Dr. Cowan emphasized that the problem with alcoholism among the elderly is that it plays into a number of other conditions that a patient has. Alcoholism tends to weaken the immune system of an elderly at such a rapid pace that he gets less time to recover. Assessment is a serious problem, he noted, in part because of the ways in which prescription medication can mask it. This is backed up by the literature (Miller, 2010, p. 318). He described the purpose of treating elderly alcoholics is to get them into a treatment program. â€Å"Often times these kinds of patients don't come in to see me. Mostly one of the children decides that enough is enough and it is time for this person to seek treatment. Bigge st thing that one should have to fight alcoholism is the will. If you don't want to get better, you never will.† He emphasized that another goal of treatment is to involve family members as they provide the key support network for elderly people. He identified this as the main way that the services would be accessed: the patients would be brought in by relatives. Media both print and electronic are also being used by people to curtail alcoholism. Family physicians also guide elderly alcoholic patients to visit a classified health professional. Nevertheless, he said, as with all addiction, there is a great deal of resistance. As a doctor, I have to recognize that and do my best to make the process easier. The goal is to leave the person better off than before. He spent some time talking about the importance of the subject. â€Å"There are studies that show alcoholism among the elderly is very prevalent. It is hidden from view in part because elderly people are hidden from view . Part of the problem is that alcoholism can be confused with any number of other health issues. That is not a reason to step away from the study of this disease. If anything, it is a reason to renew our interest. Any time we see a group in society that is falling through the tracks we need to do everything we can to help them. The elderly are more sensitive to the effects of alcohol for a lot of different reasons and their biochemistry has changed with age. That is an interesting issue which I devote a fair amount of study to. The whole ageing process is fascinating. We're all going to end up there one day, so we should know as much as we can.† Looking at alcohol treatment is important, he said, because there is an indication that the amount of abuse is increasing. Some studies indicate that this is the case (Sirvin and Malamut, 2008, p. 515). Finally, we talked about crisis situations that are compelling people to seek help. Deteriorating health because of alcoholism is a ma jor reason that finally makes a patient to seek treatment. Physiatrists, when consulted by individuals also led them to sea a doctor. Self determination to get rid of the abuses and live a better life also made few people to visit a professional. Relatives also motivated to habitual elderly patients to fight the alcoholism. I found Dr. Cowan to be a very knowledgeable and sincere practitioner. The process and the goals that he described made sense to me. It was fascinating to hear

Crisis analysis- major assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Crisis analysis- major assessment - Essay Example There are important areas that have been focused on this subject. Knowing the informational content is a vital responsibility for any crisis communication. Informational content basses on the following principles; what do the authorities know concerning the crisis? What is it that they want people to consent? And how are they going to deliver the information to the people accordingly?. Media also is another based area of concern. The primary task that the management ask themselves is that how will they get their content from them into the minds of the public. Another based field is the assessment of the audience. From the study of the past years, it reveals that a successful progress in crisis communication has been a sector that is growing bearing in mind that not all people are intelligent (Jaques 2007). Due to variations in knowledge, values, and emotions, it gives the assessors very tough time in giving out the information. Basing on what, do they need to reach the people, what they have in their mind already and the effect that will arise the moment they are told about the crisis? Involving the audience also is another aspect that needs to be put into concern. Targeting a deliverable communication at the two-way end and the mode that they need to keep immediate audience active is their worry. Self-assessment gives self-examination on the effect of values, emotions, and political problems relating to crisis management (Coombs 2009). From the definition approaches, there have not been good levels of agreement that demonstrate critically what is a crisis and what the issue is in management. Many writers have analyzed problem management, and it was found to lack clarity. Crisis, on the other hand, has been hard to be defined indecently without the placement of crisis management. The illustration of this by individual scholars shows a thesis that identify a frequent

Should Congress have Term Limits?

Should Congress have Term Limits? Term limits are limitations that restrict the number of years that someone can serve in an elected office. However, there are no limitations of terms for the members of Congress. They are allowed to run for reelection as many times as they want. The founding fathers intended that elections would reflect the political values of citizens and check the power of government. Term limits should be implemented to prevent career politicians because the founding founders never intended politics to become a career. The United States should have a national referendum to propose a constitutional amendment to institute term limits. The founding of the United States was a radical movement by a collection of like-minded individuals who had new ideas of freedom and self-governments. The backgrounds of the founding fathers were varying from scholars, statesmen, industrialists, and businessmen. The juxtaposition of their backgrounds fostered debate, new ideas, consensus, and descent. It can be said the each of the founding fathers were leaders, not only in their communities, but in their fields. Professional politicians were not yet a byproduct of the new American government. Also there were not yet distinct political parties or PACs or super PACs (Political action committees).   In the beginnings of this representative republic most congressmen did not serve more than a couple of terms. Most had lives, families, and business to get back to. They saw serving in congress as a duty and sacrifice in an effort to make the country grow and stronger. Term limits should be introduced to reinforce states’ rights, reduce corruption, and reinvigorate the republic. In the 1990 congressional reelection, voter’s reelected rate of incumbents exceeded ninety-six percent. Voters that disapproved by Congress just stayed at home and didn’t vote because it seemed that there opinion didn’t matter. It also made it difficult for voters to express their opinion about Congress. Two days before the election in 1990, there was a national survey that showed that sixty-nine percent of people did not approve of Congress. Fifty-one percent did approve of the congressmen that were chosen. The 22nd Amendment was added to the constitution in February of 1951. This limited the number of terms a president can serve. Franklin Delano Roosevelt served twelve years. Congress decided that there needed to be an amendment that limits the amount of terms that presidents can serve for. They made this decision not long after Roosevelt’s death. Term limits were put in place to restrict too much executive power. Fifteen states have adopted term limits for their state legislators, but states can’t limit the terms for U.S. Senators. On November third of 1992, in the Arkansas Supreme Court, amendment seventy-three (the term limitation amendment) was adopted by Arkansas voters. This amendment provided for limits of two terms for executive officials and state senators and three terms for state representatives. If someone served two or more terms as a member of the United States Senate from Arkansas, they would be ineligible for re-election as a US Senator from Arkansas, due to the term limitation amendment. â€Å"Its preamble stated: ‘The people of Arkansas find and declare that elected officials who remain in office too long become preoccupied with reelection and ignore their duties as representatives of the people. Entrenched incumbency has reduced voter participation and has led to an electoral system that is less free, less competitive, and less representative than the system established by the Founding Fathers. Therefore, the people of Arkansas, exercising their reserved powers, herein limit the terms of the elected officials.’†. (Stevens 5) In May of 1995, the Supreme Court made a decision ruling 5-4 in United States Term Limits, Inc. v. Thornton. The ruling was that â€Å"states cannot impose term limits upon their federal Representatives or Senators. In the 1994 elections, part of the Republican platform included legislation for term limits in Congress† (Stevens 72). Term limits would make it difficult for the federal government to enact rules, laws, create agencies that strip powers from the states, for example EPA (environmental protection agencies), DHS (department of homeland security), DOE (department of education), entitlement programs, earmarks, and subsidies. The Constitutional power that the federal government is responsible for is entering into treaties with foreign governments. They also have the power to wage war, declare war, and win war.   Article 1, Section 8, Clause 3 of the United States   Constitution , which gives Congress the power â€Å"to regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several states, and with the Indian tribes.† Section 8 also explains Congress may have the â€Å"power to lay and collect taxes†, declare war, regulate interstate commerce, coin money, and raise an army. â€Å"When the Framers met in Philadelphia in 1787 and wrote the constitution that governs us today, they addressed that failure and through the commerce and the privileges and immunities clauses that created a national free-trade zone. The original purpose of the commerce clause was primarily a means to eliminate trade barriers among the states. They didnt intend for the commerce clause to govern so much of our lives. Indeed, as James Madison, the father of our Constitution, explained, ‘The powers delegated by the proposed Constitution to the federal government are few and defined. Those which are to remain in the State governments are numerous and indefinite’†. (Williams 3) The longest someone has served in the Senate is fifty-one years, five months, and twenty-six days. The person who held this record is Robert C. Byrd. John Dingell Jr. served in the House of Representatives for more than fifty-three years.   Congressmen are not there long enough to gain power, or write legislation in the form of tax loop holes. Term limits will break the cycle of career politicians (people building power over time) and facilitate a return to the â€Å"common man† being involved in the political process. They will bring new ideas, new perspective, and reinforce â€Å"of the people, by the people, for the people.†Ã‚   The phrase â€Å"drain the swap† refers to removing career politicians from their elected office.   There are a lot of people who think that America is just filled with a bunch of career politicians, and we need to â€Å"drain the swamp†. Some of these career politicians aren’t accountable to the people. They stop doing what the people want and focus on running for reelection and how they are going to deal with things themselves. â€Å"Term limits in Congress would encourage members of Congress to make their time in office matter.† (Desantis 21). A member of the United States Term Limits advocacy group, Austin Sekel wrote that â€Å"term limits don’t exist to keep people out of office. They exist to make the regular rotation possible, and to create opportunities for new leaders to emerge.†Ã‚  (Sekel 7). Term limits aren’t meant to push people out of Congress. Without term limits, only certain people can run for election. Other citizens don’t have an equal chance of becoming a new congressman, when the same people get reelected every election. The Founding Fathers intended for other people to have a chance to become congressmen, develop new ideas, create opportunities, and become new leaders in America. The Founding Fathers were not career politicians. It is difficult to believe when they were developing the frame work and the foundations of the new republic, that they would purposely develop or create a mechanism that would introduce a class of citizen who would monopolize and control the political process over time. While removing the very strength of the public, by eroding states’ rights and coagulate consolidating power into a central government. The United States of America was built as a representative republic. There should be no career politicians, billion dollar contracts, trillion dollar budgets, or two thousand plus page bills passed by the federal government, with hidden kickbacks, special interest, and earmarks. The only time the federal government meaning the legislature should ever agree on anything should be in the matters of treaties, and war. The federal government was designed so that congress and the senate would find it extremely difficult to build consensus on any issue unless it was a clear and present danger, or such a massive societal shift that you could get more than 60 percent of the citizenry or their representative to agree to a national change. As it stands now, congress has turned into an elite club ran by career politicians, special interest, and power brokers. Instituting term limits would reinvigorate the republic, restore power to the states, and reduce corruption. Works Cited Liedl, Mark B. â€Å"The Case for Limiting Congressional Terms.† The Heritage Foundation, 1 Dec. 1990, www.heritage.org/report/the-case-limiting-congressional-terms. Staff, LII. â€Å"Commerce Clause.† LII / Legal Information Institute, 11 June 2016, www.law.cornell.edu/wex/commerce_clause. Williams, Walter E. â€Å"Commerce Clause Abuse.† Commerce Clause Abuse, 4 Oct. 2003, econfaculty.gmu.edu/wew/articles/03/abuse.html. Murse, Tom. â€Å"The Pros and Cons of Imposing Terms Limits for Congress.† ThoughtCo, 9 July 2017, www.thoughtco.com/debate-over-term-limits-for-congress-3367505. U. S. Term Limits, Inc. v. Thornton. Oyez, 24 Apr. 2018, www.oyez.org/cases/1994/93-1456. Stevens. U.S. Term Limits, Inc. v. Thornton, 514 U.S. 779 (1995)., 22 May 1995, www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/93-1456.ZO.html. â€Å"The Limits of Term Limits.† Restoration: Congress, Term Limits, and the Recovery of the Deliberative Democracy, by Terry Eastland, pp. 54–55.

Doing Business in Italy Essay -- International Business

Doing business in Italy is very different than in the United States. â€Å"Set to move onto a slow, but steady, path of economic growth;† Italy, at first glance, seems to be a promising business environment with projected increases in GDP per capita in the coming years, according to Business Monitor International (â€Å"Italy Autos Report† 30). However, there are many cultural, administrative, geographic and economic differences that make the business environment much different than that in the US. Generally dominated by domestic carmakers, mainly Fiat S.p.A., the auto industry in Italy doesn’t look very appealing for new firms because of the high barriers to entry. However, foreign carmakers like Ford have managed to penetrate the Italian market, with vehicles like the Fiesta, by focusing on small fuel efficient cars. Furthermore, Italy faces many problems that makes it a less attractive place for business; such as â€Å"low business productivity, insuff icient investment in high technology industries, disadvantageous demographics, and the labour market.(â€Å"Italy Autos Report† 31)† Although the automotive market in Italy doesn’t show much room for sales growth as shown by a high car ownership per capita. In 2009, mostly due to government incentives, the auto market saw a more moderate drop in sales than in the previous year (fig. 1). According to the Business Monitor International total auto sales is forecasted to surpass 2.58 million units by 2014 (â€Å"Italy Autos Report† 27). Taking into account Ghemawat’s four dimensions of distance; culture, administrative, geographic and economic shows that while there are costs and risks associated with doing business in Italy there are also advantages. English is taught early as a secondary languag... ... both advantages and disadvantages. The current auto market, mostly dominated by domestic players due to the consumers loyalty toward domestic brands, shows very little appeal for new entrants. Some foreign carmakers, Ford for example, are showing signs of growth in this market. Ford has been able to do this by appealing to the consumers desire, for small affordable cars. Works Cited "Italy Autos Report - Q1 2010. " Italy Autos Report 1 Jan. 2010: ABI/INFORM Trade & Industry, ProQuest. Web. 28 Feb. 2014. Italy - Labor. Encyclopedia of the Nations. 28 Feb. 2014. . Potesta, Sandra. How to do Business in Italy. Feb. 2007. 28 Feb. 2014. . Welcome to Italy. 28 Feb. 2014. .

Great expectations †review of three film versions Essay

In my English lessons I have been reading great expectations as part of my pro 1914-prose study, and have chosen to do my media assignment on film adaptations of the book. I will be comparing and contrasting the three film versions, David Leans 1945 film is the eldest version which is in black and white, the BBC serialisation and the latest BBC film version, and the original novel. I will structure my essay by writing about different areas of the adaptations e. g. soundtrack, first with similarities then differences between the versions. Sequencing: The sequencing of the opening scene of great expectations adaptations are all quite similar except the latest BBC adaptation, the David Lean and BBC serialisation have the same sequencing, book so it is unlike the 2 other film versions. The David Lean film and BBC serialisation have the sequencing almost of the book so tell the story in the same way as Charles Dickens did. While the David lean version is more compact due to time limitations and the BBC serialisations has more detail they both tell the same set of events in the same way. And only differ from the book in the very beginning where they show Pip the central character in the book running across the marshes to the church, where the book starts in the churchyard. The latest BBC version is very different form the book and two other adaptations in it’s sequencing, it starts with Pip running away from the convict across a wheat field, when the convict catches up with Pip in the graveyard, he asks no questions about his parents or where he lives like the book. It then switches straight to Pip running home across the marshes, when he arrives home events from the second chapter take place when the events of the first haven’t finished being explained. The rest of the sequences of the opening chapter take place as flashbacks while pips sleeping. Soundtrack: As with the sequencing the sound track for the latest BBC adaptation is very different to the other two versions as it has a different set of sequencing. The David lean version and BBC serialisations soundtrack are quite similar but the advances in technology makes the serialisation far more advanced than the older David lean version. The David Lean version soundtrack starts with the opening of the book being narrated by an older version of Pip as the younger version crosses the marshes. The BBC serialisation soundtrack is similar to the David Lean version as it begins with narration by an older version of pip as he crosses the marshes. And the latest BBC version soundtrack is very different to the other two, as it starts with quiet music and Pips heavy breathing and rustling as he is running away from the convict. The arrival of the convict is very similar in the David Lean version and BBC serialisation soundtrack with the same build up, whistling winds and creaking trees make up a tense atmosphere, which is shattered by the arrival of the Convict. This is very different in the Latest BBC version. The arrival of the Convict in the David Lean version soundtrack is marked by him grabbing Pip and Pip screaming, the convict then threatens Pip in the following dialogue. Then the convict turns him upside down a lot of rustling and jingling from the convict’s chain on his leg. The convict then demands items from Pip in the following dialogue while eating an apple and breathing heavily. At the end of the scene where Pip is running home across the marshes, the whistling winds from the graveyard are heard again. The arrival of the Convict in BBC serialisation soundtrack is different to the David Lean version you hear Pip trip and as he gets he catches sight of the convict and takes a surprised breath. The convict then moves toward him you can hear the chain on his leg jingle with every step he takes, he then talks to Pip. He shakes Pip lot’s of jingling and grunting, when he resumes dialogue with Pip he is eating a piece of bread. Just before the end of the scene the convict threats Pip speaking in a whisper, then walks of to bouncy music with his chain jingling. The Convict is introduced in the latest BBC version soundtrack by Pip falling with a thud, trying to hide breathing deeply. The Convict catches up breathing heavily and his chain jingling with his footsteps, as the Convict finds Pip, Pip lets out a scream then the convict say’s a short amount of dialogue. The David Lean and BBC serialisation soundtracks are quite similar but the Serialisation has the advantage of longer running time and detail and better technology, the only difference is the whistling wind at the end of the scene in the David Lean versions apposed to the bouncy music of the convicts departure in the BBC serialisation. The latest BBC version soundtrack is a far shorter and more condensed in the opening scene than the other two adaptations. Also large amounts of dialogue are missed out, even thought it befits from the best technology and methods out of the three adaptations it has the shortest and in my opinion worst soundtrack. Meise en scene: Meise en scene is French for what you can see such as characters, props and scenery. The main way to see the difference in the interpretation of the book in the adaptations is by what and how they present characters and locations on screen. As with the sequencing and sound tracking the David Lean version and BBC serialisation are very similar with few differences although the David Lean version is in black and white and the latest BBC version is very different to both of them. The David Lean version starts with the 1st page of Great Expectations opening then the rest of the pages blowing over. The BBC serialisation opens with some flowers on the book cover of Great Expectations wilting away, it is different to the David Lean opening but is clearly influenced by it. The latest BBC films different sequencing means different images appearing on screen at different time compared to the other two adaptations. It opens with Pip running through a golden wheat field, looking back over his shoulder, his face is dirty and his clothes are hard worn showing that he is a person of lower class in society. This is very different to the other two versions, which show the name of the film/book before the film begins. While the latest BBC version starts in the thick of the story. The appearance of the Convict is very similar in all three versions, which hold true to the book description ‘ A fearful man, all in course grey, with a great iron on his leg’. The David Lean version while holding true to the book description but makes the Convict more frightening to the audience than the other two versions, as it is limited to black and white to make an impact. The BBC serialisation shows the convict more as a worn out exhausted figure that is more likely to make audiences fell sorry for him than be frightened. He is truer to the description laid down in the book than the other to versions down the blackened face and rag tied around his head. The Convict in the latest BBC version is a cross between the two other versions he is more frightening in appearance than the BBC serialisation Convict, but less true to the books description and more detailed than the David Lean versions Convict. Conclusion: After watching and reviewing all three-film adaptations, I have decided in my opinion that the BBC serialisation is the best adaptation of the book. Because of the level of detail that tells the story as well and in the same fashion that made the book such a large success, I find it an excellent alternative or compliment to reading the novel.

Social Organized Crime Perspective

Social Organized Crime Perspective Social Organized Crime Perspective Social institution is a group of people or association with a certain reason, objective, or mission. This organization reaches its goal by influencing and persuading people in the public to take part, and help with reaching this purpose. Social institution applies to organized crime in various ways. Criminal organizations develop in areas that show a portion of individuals living within the jurisdiction are interested in a product that the criminal organization is offering. This is crucial as it enables the organization to effectively generate, dispense, and consume the product (Lyman & Potter, 2007). Additionally, criminal organizations target the community's social makeup, control the community has socially on its members, and the level of involvement each community member has among the rest. Furthermore, criminal organizations develop tight relations with lawful businesses and owners willing to play a part in the organizations accomplishment (Lyman ; Potter, 2007). There are empirical and speculative theories that are can be applied to organized crime and criminal behavior. Individuals involved with organized crime in Sicily and Italy had formed criminal organizations such as the â€Å"Sicilian Mafia† or â€Å"Cosa Nostra†. These persons came to the United States to avoid detection and apprehension by law enforcement in their own country, and to gain opportunities that the United States provided both legally and illegally. Upon migrating to the United States these groups began to organize, and operate many criminal organizations. It is believed that these individuals have been the main cause for the establishing of organized crime (Osmosis, 2003). The social control theory asserts that an individual who is involved with a community and has strong family relations will be less likely to engage in illegal activity than those who do not. If an individual is capable of establishing a positive rapport with community members, becomes involved and participates in community programs, such as youth, elderly, religious-spiritual, and anti-crime, the individual will most likely refrain from engaging in criminal activity or at the very least consider the consequences of a criminal act prior to committing the act (Psychological Glossary, 2010). The differential association theory considers one's social group and environment as the fundamental explanation for one's criminal behavior and the formation and joining of criminal organizations. An individual who socializes with a group or other individuals who have a history with the legal system or who engage in illegal activity are at an extremely higher risk to conform to the norms of that particular social sub-group. A prime example is a teenager who becomes involved in delinquent criminal behavior and activity as a result of peer pressure. These juveniles are susceptible to withdrawing from school, joining criminal organizations, such as street gangs, and experimenting with illegal substances and alcohol, all of which continues the juvenile down a path of addiction, career criminality, and a long criminal history into adulthood (Sutherland, 1978). The strain and anomie theory believes that individuals who engage in criminal activity do so as a result of wanting a piece of the American dream or to obtain materialistic items of value. A majority of individuals within the United States never experience the luxury of owning a fancy vehicle, house, business, or property. Most individuals residing in the United States are forced to work labor intensive jobs, receive a low paying wage, are parents who must provide and support families, and do so through legal means. Unfortunately, the desire to achieve items of value, provide a better life for one's children, such as the purchasing of school cloths, vacations, and after school activities can force some to conduct illegal business for the purpose of gaining an additional income (Sutherland, 1978). The empirical and speculative theories discussed, such as the social control, differential association, and strain and anomie theories can assist researchers, society, professionals, and law enforcement with understanding the elements that exist in different criminal organizations and criminal behavior. Each theory is supported by research, statistics, strong arguments, and facts that can be used by law enforcement in numerous ways. Theories as such display characteristics and mannerisms common in criminal behavior, along with what geographical locations are susceptible to the development of criminal organizations and activity. Furthermore, jurisdictions, in which its citizens are antisocial or uninvolved with the community, prove to be breeding grounds for many types of criminal wrongdoing that exists. References Lyman, M. , & Potter, G. (2007). Organized Crime (4th ed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall. Osmosis. (2003). Everything: Historical interpretations on Prohibition and organized crime. Retrieved December 10, 2011, from http://everything2. com/title/Historical+interpretations+on+Prohibition+and+organized+crime Psychological Glossary. (2010). Social Control Theory. Retrieved December 10, 2011, from http://www. psychology-lexicon. com/cms/glossary/glossary-s/social-control-theory. html Sutherland, E. (1978). Differential Association Theory: Sociological Theories of Deviance. Retrieved December 10, 2011, from http://www. d. umn. edu/~jhamlin1/sutherland. html